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confounding

intermediateB2

/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/ · con-found-ing

to cause confusion or perplexity in someone.

Meanings

verbformal

to cause confusion or perplexity in someone.

کسی کو الجھن یا پریشانی میں ڈالنا۔

پریشان کن

pareshan kun

Formal: مخالف

Synonyms

confuseperplexbewilderپریشان کرناالجھن میں ڈالناغلط فہمی پیدا کرنا

Antonyms

clarifyexplainsimplifyواضح کرنابیان کرناسیدھا کرنا

Common Collocations

  • confounding variables
  • confounding factors
  • confounding evidence

Example Sentences

The results of the experiment were confounding and left the researchers puzzled.

تجربے کے نتائج پریشان کن تھے اور محققین کو حیران کر دیا.

Tajurbe ke nataij pareshan kun they aur muhaqeqin ko hairan kar diya.

Her sudden change in behavior was confounding to everyone who knew her.

اس کے طرز عمل میں اچانک تبدیلی ان سب کے لیے پریشان کن تھی جو اسے جانتے تھے.

Is ke tarz-e-amal mein achanak tabdeeli un sab ke liye pareshan kun thi jo use jaante they.

The confounding data made it difficult to draw a clear conclusion.

پریشان کن ڈیٹا نے واضح نتیجہ اخذ کرنا مشکل بنا دیا.

Pareshan kun data ne waaz nateeja akhaz karna mushkil bana diya.

Easily Confused With

confound:Confounding is the gerund form of confound, and it implies an ongoing process of causing confusion.

Word Family

confound
verbپریشان کرنا
confoundingly
adverbپریشانی سے

See Also

💡 Memory Tip

Think of the word 'confuse' to remember what confounding means.

Imagine a maze where everything is mixed up and confusing.

✍️ Urdu Poetry

کیا پوچھو اس کی گلی کا حال، میری روح اب تو ہے پریشان اسی کا خیال

Kya poocho us ki gali ka haal, meri rooh ab to hai pareshan isi ka khayal

What to ask about the state of her street, my soul is now troubled only by the thought of her.

Unknown, Unverified

* Poetry attribution is AI-generated and may require verification.

🗣️ Urdu Proverb

پانی میں پتھر پھینکنے کا کیا فائدہ؟

Pani mein patthar phenknay ka kya faida?

What good is throwing a stone in water?

📖 Etymology

Origin: Middle English "confounden" — to confuse or mix up

First known use: 14th century

The term has evolved from Old French and Latin origins, maintaining the basic meaning of causing confusion or embarrassment.